South Africa welcomes ICJ ruling reaffirming Israel’s legal duties in Palestinian territories

When the International Court of Justice in The Hague delivered its advisory opinion on 22 October 2025, it reaffirmed Israel’s responsibilities under international law concerning the occupied Palestinian territories.

The Court made it clear that Israel, as an occupying power, must uphold the rights of civilians, ensure the delivery of humanitarian aid and respect the work of institutions such as the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East.

The South African government, through the Department of International Relations and Cooperation, welcomed the decision. It said the Court’s opinion removes any doubt about Israel’s duties, including its obligation to protect the human rights of Palestinians and to allow relief organisations to operate without interference.

The Court also highlighted that Israel cannot impose its domestic laws on UNRWA’s operations in the occupied territories. It further stated that the use of starvation as a method of warfare is prohibited and that Israel must guarantee access to basic necessities such as food, water, shelter, medical care and fuel for civilians.

In its findings, the Court reaffirmed the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination and emphasised that Israel is required to respect, protect and fulfil their rights under both international humanitarian and human rights law.

While the advisory opinion is not legally binding, the South African government described it as carrying significant moral and legal weight. It said the ruling aligns with South Africa’s long-standing belief that lasting peace in the region depends on the recognition of Palestinian sovereignty and territorial integrity.

South Africa also called on all parties to honour their obligations under international law and to remove any barriers that prevent the delivery of humanitarian assistance to those in need within the occupied territories.